Individuals with PTSD and The Effects on the Brain A...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is triggered by an individual experiencing of a traumatic event. PTSD patients can exhibit varied behaviours which can be subtle or extreme. These behaviours include but are not exhaustive of, anger, fear, dissociative states, amnesia and negative cognition (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). PTSD research is now able to explain certain changes in the brain which affect these behaviours. In this essay focus will be given to these brain changes and which behaviours they affect in PTSD patients. It is widely accepted that the hippocampus manages memory retrieval. PTSD can cause amnesia involving the event itself or dissociative states where the patient re-lives the event through resemblance of circumstance or hallucination (APA, 2013). Each of these tasks utilise the hippocampus to try and retrieve the memory (Schacter et al, 2012). Animal research has provided evidence that severe stress can damage hippocampal formation (Gilbertson, Shenton, Ciszweski, Kasia, Lasko, Orr, Pitman, 2002). Human research has investigated further by measuring the hippocampal volume on soldiers who were exposed to traumatic events and developed PTSD or where exposed but did not develop PTSD. All of the soldiers’ unexposed twins underwent the same process. All participants were tested for PTSD symptoms, all twins were non PTSD. Once their diagnosis was determined brain imaging scans were carried out and volumes of the hippocampusShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Terrorism On The United St ates932 Words   |  4 PagesThese include studies by Morland, Butler and Leskin into the effects of terrorism in the United States; Vazquez, Perez-Sales and Hervas covering the social and individual effects of terrorism in Madrid; Frazier and Berman covering post-traumatic growth in female sexual assault victims; and Joseph, Williams and Yule on psychosocial perspectives on PTSD and treatment (TRG pg 19). These studies show the importance of reprogramming PTSD clients towards normalizing and coping methods and re-integrationRead MorePtsd : Post Traumatic Stress Disorder1462 Words   |  6 PagesPTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder or serious condition that can develop after a victim who has witnessed or experienced a traumatic event.(American Psychiatric Association, 2013) When PTSD was identified as an mental health condition by the psychologist? The term PTSD first appeared in the 1980s, but the concept of this disorder can be traced back to 1952 when the first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM was published. The stress reactionRead MoreThe Effects Of Post Traumatic Stress On Brain Functioning1748 Words   |  7 Pagesaim of this study is to assess the effects of post-traumatic stress on brain functioning, in particular executive functioning and information processing of children and adolescents. This study also aims to evaluate prazosin as a treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Specifically, the study focuses on the treatment of sleep disturbances such as insomnia, nightmares and altered sleep schedules. The hypotheses of this study is that the subjects with PTSD will performRead MoreEssay On Ptsd1510 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction to the Study of Alcohol and Drug Problems - Assignment #2 Renpei Chen | 10141208 Queen’s University Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can happen to anyone. About 7 or 8 of every 100 people will experience PTSD at some point in their lives and examples of people who are at an elevated risk are war veterans and assault victims (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, 2016). This paper will discuss the current treatment methods available for PTSD victims and willRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pagesstress disorder (PTSD). There is a great deal of research which analyzes this relationship. There are many elements that serve as contributing factors to the correlation between suicide and PTSD. PTSD-related suicide among soldiers is due to a number of intervening aspects including combat exposure, moral injury, self-forgiveness, social support, and traumatic brain injury.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Regarding military personnel, it appears that being exposed to combat is a factor that may contribute to PTSD symptoms and thereforeRead MorePost Dramatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1550 Words   |  7 PagesPost dramatic stress disorder or PTSD is an anxiety disorder caused by very, frightening, stressful or distressing events. People with PTSD can often relive traumatic events through nightmares and flashbacks, and can feel, irritable, isolated and guilty. Some may also have problems with sleeping, for instance insomnia and find concentrating difficult. In the context of the impact on a person, this essay explores the question of what are the causes and effects of post dramatic stress disorder, andRead MoreThe retrieval of a memory can initiate processes in our brain that actively consolidate and1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe retrieval of a memory can initiate processes in our brain that actively consolidate and strengthen the memory trace, a process known as memory rec onsolidation. Memories retrieved are thought to increase their stability once they undergo the process of consolidation. Retrieval of a memory trace may cause another liable phase to require more processing to keep the memory stable after retrieval; the brain systemically acquires cellular mechanisms to initiate a new round of protein synthesis thatRead MorePTSD and its Affects on the Human Body1101 Words   |  4 PagesPTSD and its Affects on the Human Body My girlfriend’s brother, Mary served in the Marines for four years. In those four years, he made three combat tours and four other small deployments. During his first trip to Iraq, he was severely injured in a land mine accident. He was the only one out of the other three soldiers in the tank that survived. The accident left him with a severe brain injury and partly blind in his left eye. Mary was in an Iraqi hospital for about two weeks. He then decidedRead MoreThe Effects Of Caregiving On Stress And Immune Function1544 Words   |  7 Pagesrelationships outside of the home and may create changes in employment or financial status. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser and her colleagues (1991) studied the effects of caregiving on stress and immune function and found that caregivers were more depressed and had poorer immune function than a control group of people with similar age, sex, and martial status. The effect of chronic stress on the immune system also likely accounted for why caregivers were also less likely to produce a sufficient number of antibodiesRead MoreThe Effects Of Eye Movement Reprocessing And Desensitization1596 Words   |  7 Pages Lone Star College - CyFair The Effects of Eye Movement Reprocessing and Desensitization in Posttraumatic Stress Victims Kaitlyn Schenk PSYC 2301.5012 Laura Renee October 19, 2016 An estimated 5.2 million adults will suffer from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) every year. Every PTSD victim encounters different experiences and symptoms that coincide with their trauma. Many forms of treatment and coping mechanisms have been attempted in the past decade to produce relief. There have

The Nuclear Bomb The Controversial Devision in World War...

The United States had been in war for almost four years. Over 416,800 American lives were taken, and four percent of the worlds population was killed in World War II. America needed a way to end the war as quickly as possible with the fewest U.S. casualties. A Japanese invasion was considered, but it would put American lives at stake. With the invention of the atomic bomb, President Truman made the most debated decision: the decision to use the most deadly weapon ever invented- the nuclear bomb. It was a very controversial decision. On one hand, the nuclear warheads ended World War II as quick as possible. On the other hand, it created mass destruction and devastated the two cities targeted: Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Some say that the†¦show more content†¦The cities were chosen because they were untouched during the war. There were two main reasons to drop the bomb. One was because of the cost of the Manhattan Project, which cost an estimated $1,889,604,000 (in 1945 dollars) t hrough December 31, 1945. The other reason was to respond to Pearl Harbor. Truman said that When you have to deal with a beast you have to treat him as a beast. On July 26, 1945, President Harry S. Truman, United Kingdom Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Chairman of the Nationalist Government of China Chiang Kai-Shek issued the Potsdam Declaration, which called for the surrender of all Japanese armed forces during World War II. It stated that if Japan did not surrender, it would face prompt and utter destruction. It demanded an unconditional surrender and for Japan to disarm its military forces. American bombers dropped over three million leaflets, which explained that some cities listed on the leaflet would be destroyed by American bombs. The cities contained military installations and workshops or factories which produced military goods. Nagasaki was one of Japans most important ports providing access to and from Shanghai. Hiroshima contained an embarkation port and a major mi litary headquarters. The leaflets warned civilians to evacuate the cities named and told Japanese people to demand new and good leaders who would end the war. This message was broadcasted to the Japanese people

What Do You Think Is Unethical Free Essays

What do you think is unethical? The countrywide approved everyone to get their loans, no matter they have jobs or not, no matter they have income or not, no matter they have assets or not. The criteria they use may be unethical. They don’t care whether the documents are valid, whether they can verify the income, whether the appraisal is any good. We will write a custom essay sample on What Do You Think Is Unethical? or any similar topic only for you Order Now They just care about getting the loan closed, in order to do another loan. The underwriters/ contractors looked through the loan as quick as they can. The loans are not looked at like they should have been looked at. They won’t think through with the common sense which is reasonable or not. teacher 10,000, waitress 12,000). On the instruction of their supervisor and lead. In the world of due diligence, they don’t use the word â€Å"fraud†. Even if it is suspected, they will say it seems like incorrect. 60% to more than 80% of the loans did not meet their policy. Clinton Holdings perform due diligence to two dozen banks, who were buying the mortgage from the Countrywide, Ameriquests, the New Centurys, packaging those loans, selling them to other investors. In each of these banks, The Clinton Holdings find a substantial portion of the loans did not meet the standards of the bank buying those loans. The banks did not tell the investors that the loans were defective. Blankfein was unapologetic. Do you think they know that you think something is a piece of crap when you sell it to them and then bet against it? When the supervisor go to the work, he find out that for example 50% of their loans are defective, than the standard will be loosen. So he can make these loans not defective, and make it qualified. Department of justice (prosecutor) worried about the lawsuit might result in at a large financial institution, which should not be their responsibility to care about the health of a bank. They should only focus on pursue justice. How to cite What Do You Think Is Unethical?, Essay examples

Defeated, with a U.S. official saying all sides fa Essay Example For Students

Defeated, with a U.S. official saying all sides fa Essay Ooovored giving Afghanistan (news web sites)s former king a role as a unifying figure. Delegations representing the northern alliance, exiles backing the ex-king and two smaller exile groups all pledged to seek a power-sharing formula as they began talks under strong international pressure to end more than two decades of war. While the Afghans are meeting, the United States, Russia and neighbors such as Pakistan and Iran are exerting heavy influence from the corridors. Regional stability and billions in development aid are at stake. The atmospherics for the opening session were remarkably good, said James F. Dobbins, the U.S. governments Central Asia envoy. The prospects of us making some progress are pretty good. Dobbins said detailed discussions were only beginning, but he suggested the factions could agree to establish former king Mohammad Zaher Shah who has lived in exile in Italy since his 1973 ouster as uniting figure. Everybody sees the ex-king as a rallying point and hopes that he will be ready and able to play that role, he said. Zaher Shah is a Pashtun, the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan, estimated at between 40 and 55 percent of the population. The Pashtuns whose participation is seen as key in any government have no separate delegation at the talks, though there are Pashtun representatives in each of the groups. The northern alliance, made up mainly of members of the Tajik and Uzbek ethnic minorities, holds a strong hand entering the conference, since its fighters now control around half the country and hold the capital, Kabul. During their first closed session, the delegates agreed that their goal was to establish an interim administration that would be followed by the convening of a national assembly of tribal leaders, or a loya jirga, possibly by the Afghan New Year, in March, U.N. spokesman Ahmad Fawzi told reporters. The assembly would then approve another transitional administration that would govern for up to two years. After that w ould be a second loya jirga, which would approve a constitution that will guarantee rights for all Afghans, women included, and a goal of elections, Fawzi said. The leaders also agreed to try and reach a consensus in three to five days, he said. In a strong Pashtun endorsement, Pashtun leader Hamid Karzai telephoned the conference room from Afghanistan. Fawzi read excerpts from the call: We have been made extremely poor and vulnerable but we are a strong people who would like to assert our will and a sense of self-determination, he said. This meeting is the path toward salvation. Due to rapid developments on the battlefield, key warlords including Karzai stayed home, sending sons, sons-in-law or key aides instead. German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer opened the conference at a luxury hotel overlooking the Rhine River, urging delegates to forge a truly historic compromise that holds out a better future for your torn country and its people. The delegates must agree on binding rul es for a future political system and respect for human rights, particularly for women, whose participation is essential for the countrys peaceful future, Fischer said. The northern alliance delegation here said it would not use its battlefield victories to seek advantage. It is not our pride to monopolize power. It will be our pride to work for a broad-based government based on the will of the people of Afghanistan, the northern alliance delegation leader Younus Qanooni said. However, the alliances titular head, Burhanuddin Rabbani, said the Germany talks were unlikely to yield substantial results. He told reporters in Dubai that the Bonn talks should be the last meeting held outside Afghanistan. I dont expect decisive results from the meeting. Rabbani, a Tajik who was ousted from the presidency by the Taliban in 1996, has never given up his claim to the post. He had pressed for the conference to be held in Kabul, which is controlled by his forces. Each of the four delegation heads underscored the need for flexibility and an interim authority that would include all Afghans. Two women were among the Afghan delegates at the table. At the foot of hill where delegates met, about 30 Afghan women rallied for greater rights in their country, where the Taliban stripped away nearly all womens rights. About 300 supporters of the exiled former king also demonstrated. The former kings grandson, Mostapha Zaher, descended from the hill to greet the crowd. He told reporters that talks were proceeding in a friendly atmosphere and expressed optimism they would succeed. We are going to get peace. Thats what we came for, Zaher said. The talks at Peterson, a secluded luxury hotel across the river from Bonn, Germany, are seen as a historic opportunity to stabilize Afghanistan and avert a repeat of fighting between rival warlords after they drove out Soviet occupiers in 1989. Western nations have linked the prospect of billions in reconstruction aid to the creation of an interim ad ministration and respect to human rights by Afghanistans new rulersWords/ Pages : 839 / 24 .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 , .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .postImageUrl , .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 , .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130:hover , .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130:visited , .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130:active { border:0!important; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130:active , .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130 .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub50e39e826899b2433d6e6daf6ff3130:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: American Beauty1 Essay